The Cause Symptoms and treatment of Leukemia

Leukemia is a type of cancer that attacks white blood cells. Sunsum bone in the human body produces three types of blood cells. Among white blood cells that act as immune system fight infection. Red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body. Small part of platelet blood cells that help blood clotting.

Causes
Leukemia occurs when one or more white blood cell DNA damage.

Symptom
Leukemia appears in a person since childhood. The disease is also characterized by several symptoms; susceptible to disease, infection, anemia, and bleeding, bone and joint pain, abdominal pain, swollen lymph glands, difficulty in breathing.

Treatment
Handling and treatment of leukemia among other things; chemotherapy / intrathecal medications, radiation therapy. This method is rarely used, bone marrow transplantation ( bone marrow ), delivery of drugs tablets and syringes, transfusion of red blood cells or platelets.

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Recognize The Symptoms and Causeses Of Leukemia

Leukemia is a type of cancer that attacks white blood cells produced by bone marrow
Bone marrow or bone marrow in the human body produces three types of blood cells including white blood cells ,functioning as an immune system against infection, red blood carrying oxygen into the body to function  and platelets small sections of blood cells that help blood clotting the process

Leukemia generally appear in person since the days of childhood,
Bone marrow without obvious cause has been known to produce white blood cells do not develop normal or abnormal

Leukemia generally appear in person since the days of childhood,
Bone marrow without obvious cause has been known to produce white blood cells do not develop normal or abnormal
Normally, white blood cells to reproduce again when the body needs or is there a place for the blood cells themselves. The human body will provide a signal on a regular basis when will the blood cells are expected to reproduce again.

In the case of Leukemia
white blood cells do not respond to the sign / signal is given. Finally, uncontrolled excessive production abnormal , will exit from the bone marrow and can be found in the peripheral blood or peripheral blood. The number of abnormal white blood cells that are in excess can disrupt the normal function of other cells, People with these conditions Leukemia , will show some symptoms such as susceptible to infectious diseases, anemia and bleeding

The acute leukemia is characterized by a very rapid course of the disease, lethal, and worse. If this is not promptly treated, it can cause death within weeks to days. While the course of the disease have chronic leukemia that is not so fast that it has a longer life expectancy, up to more than 1 year.

Leukemia is classified according to cell type

When the examination is known that lymphocytes or leukemia affects lymphoid cells, it is called lymphocytic leukemia. While leukemia affecting myeloid cells such as neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils, is called myelogenous leukemia.

From this classification, then Leukemia is divided into four types of designation;
1. Acute lymphocytic leukemia ( ALL). Is the most common type of leukemia in children. The disease is also present in adults who primarily have been aged 65 years or more.
2. Acute myelogenous leukemia ( AML ). It is more common in adults than children. This type was formerly called nonlimfositik acute leukemia.
3. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( LLK ). This often affects adults over the age of 55 years. Sometimes it also affects young adults, and almost no children.
4. Chronic myelogenous leukemia ( CML ) often occurs in adults. Can also occur in children, but very little.

Causes of Leukemia

Until now the cause of leukemia is not known with certainty, but there are several factors thought to affect the frequency of occurrence of leukemia.
1. Of radiation. This is supported by several reports of some research which handles cases of leukemia that is more frequent radiological Employees suffering from leukemia, Penerita with radiotherapy more often suffer from leukemia, Leukemia incidence was found in atomic bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.

2. Leukemogenik. Several chemicals have been identified are reported to affect the frequency of leukemia, such as environmental toxins such as benzene, inustri chemicals such as insecticides, drugs used for chemotherapy.

3. Hereditary. People with Down Syndrome have the incidence of acute leukemia 20 times greater than normal people.

4. The virus. Some types of viruses can cause leukemia, such as retroviruses, feline leukemia virus, HTLV -1 in adults.

Leukemia Symptoms are generally caused differ among patients, however, can generally be described as follows:
1. Anemia. Patients would appear tired, pale and breathing fast ( below normal red blood cells causing less oxygen in the body, resulting in the patient breathes faster to compensate for the fulfillment of oxygen deficiency in the body ).

2. Hemorrhage. When the platelets ( blood clotting cells ) are not reproduced with reasonable because it is dominated by white blood cells, then the patient will experience bleeding skin dijaringan ( number of red wiggler width / minor dijaringan skin ).

3. Esophageal Infections. White blood cells act as a protective immunity, especially against infectious diseases. In Patients with leukemia, white blood cells that diterbentuk is not normal (abnormal ) so it does not function properly. As a result the body of the patient vulnerable to infection virus / bacteria, even by itself would reveal complaints of fever, white discharge from the nose ( runny ) and cough.

4. Bone pain and joints. This is caused as a result of bone marrow (bone marrow ) by pressing solid white blood cells.

5. Stomach Pain. Abdominal pain is also one indication of the symptoms of leukemia, in which the leukemia cells may collect in the kidneys, liver and bile that causes enlargement of these organs and timbulah pain. Abdominal pain can affect appetite loss of leukemia patients.

6. Swollen glands lympa. Patients likely to have swollen glands lympa, whether it is under the arms, neck, chest and more. Gland lympa duty filter the blood, leukemia cells may collect here and cause swelling.

7. Difficulty breathing (dyspnea ). The patient may show symptoms of difficulty breathing and chest pain, if this happens then it should immediately get medical help.

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What is Mesothelioma?

Mesothelioma

We are already familiar with the word "cancer", very diverse types of cancer, which causes a variety of factors as well, but have you ever heard of cancer caused by asbestos? cancer caused by asbestos dust, it is called is Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma  is a disease type of cancer, caused by asbestos dust that comes into place so that respiratory cancer ( Mesothelioma ) disease is rare, according to information on about 2,000 new cases diagnosed in the United States each year, but the incidence is increasing worldwide. most cases the disease is associated with work related to asbestos, Mesothelioma greater risk to people who work with asbestos -related, and can be prevented through awareness and protective measures in the workplace.

What Is Mesothelioma?
Mesothelioma is a disease caused by a malignant tumor or commonly referred to as the spread of cancer of the mesothelium begins. The mesothelium is a membrane or membrane that lines and protects the lungs, heart and abdominal cavity.
In general, Mesothelioma symptom There are three types:

1. Pleural mesothelioma in the panicle diseases of the pleura. Pleural is a membrane that protects the lungs. Pleural mesothelioma is the most frequent and commonly referred to in terms of mesothelioma.
2. Peritoneal mesothelioma which attacks the peritoneum or abdominal cavity with a membrane called
3. Pericardial mesothelioma which attacks the pericardium or the lining of the heart called

What Causes Mesothelioma?

• Most cases of mesothelioma due to asbestos exposure in the workplace. Other causes are: 
• Genetic susceptibility - Some people are more likely to develop mesothelioma than others 
• Exposure to certain viruses - some cases of mesothelioma are caused by a virus called simian virus 40 ( SV 40
  Exposed to radiation exposure. exposed to radiation can also be the cause of mesothelioma

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10 Types Benefits Tea for Beauty and Health

Did you know that this type of tea in the world so much? and has properties that are useful mainly for Beauty health, try to see a variety of teas below, readers may want to try and feel the benefits, the following types and benefits of tea

1. Teh Siver Needle Yin Zhen

 

Siver Needle Yin Zhen
 

 This tea is included in the white tea, which maafaat and their role for anti- cancer health is because it contains catechins that high when compared with other tea

2. Teh Jenis Genmaicha

 

Genmaicha teh hijau

green tea from Japan is beneficial for skin rejuvenation and weight control

3. Teh Ti Kuan Yin 

 

Ti Kuan Yin

This tea is very beneficial to help the digestive system in the stomach

4. Teh Lapsang Souchong 

 

 Teh Hitam ini memiliki kandungan kafein setengah dari kandungan kopi, jadi sangat berguna untuk menghilankan rasa kantuk

5. Teh Stressless

herbal tea tisane that can petrify you that reduce stress, this tea is perfect for those of you who are busy having a high level of stess

6. Teh Cherish

These teas, including herbal tea tisane, which is useful to help replace cells that have died and assist detoxification or removal of toxins in the body

7. Teh Chamomile Delight

Herbal tea tisane for the relaxation of brain nerve cells

8. Teh  Field Of Dream

Herbal tea tisane that serves to overcome insomnia or imsomnia

8. Teh Cleanse

 

 Tisane tea that serves to help remove toxins in the body ( detoxification ) and is useful to facilitate blood

9. Kids Fruit Tea

 

Tea is rich in Vitamin C and provides a refreshing in the body, this tea is also useful for my skin become fine

10. Teh  Matechino

 

Brazillia tea is perfect for those of you who love and coffee lovers because of its aroma and flavor similar to coffee

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Pengenalan Kanker Payudara dan gejala Awal

Kanker payudara adalah tumor ganas yang tumbuh di dalam jaringan payudara.
Kanker bisa mulai tumbuh di dalam kelenjar susu, saluran susu, jaringan lemak maupun jaringan ikat pada payudara.

Penyebab
Penyebabnya tidak diketahui, tetapi ada beberapa faktor risiko yang menyebabkan seorang wanita menjadi lebih mungkin menderita kanker payudara.

Faktor Risiko
Beberapa faktor risiko yang berpengaruh adalah :
1. Usia.
Sekitar 60% kanker payudara terjadi pada usia diatas 60 tahun. Risiko terbesar ditemukan pada wanita berusia diatas 75 tahun.
2. Pernah menderita kanker payudara.
Setelah payudara yang terkena diangkat, maka risiko terjadinya kanker pada payudara yang sehat meningkat sebesar 0,5-1%/tahun.
3. Riwayat keluarga yang menderita kanker payudara.
Wanita yang ibu, saudara perempuan atau anaknya menderita kanker, memiliki risiko 3 kali lebih besar untuk menderita kanker payudara.
4. Faktor genetik dan hormonal.
5. Pernah menderita penyakit payudara non-kanker.
6. Menarke (menstruasi pertama) sebelum usia 12 tahun, menopause setelah usia 55 tahun, kehamilan pertama setelah usia 30 tahun atau belum pernah hamil.
7. Pemakaian pil kb atau terapi sulih estrogen.
8. Obesitas pasca menopause.
9. Pemakaian alkohol.
10 Pemakaian alkohol lebih dari 1-2 gelas/hari bisa meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kanker payudara.
11. Bahan kimia.
Beberapa penelitian telah menyebutkan pemaparan bahan kimia yang menyerupai estrogen (yang terdapat di dalam pestisida dan produk industri lainnya) mungkin meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kanker payudara.
12. DES (dietilstilbestrol).
Wanita yang mengkonsumsi DES untuk mencegah keguguran memiliki risiko tinggi menderita kanker payudara.
13 Penyinaran.


Gejala dan Tanda

Gejala awal berupa sebuah benjolan yang biasanya dirasakan berbeda dari jaringan payudara di sekitarnya, tidak menimbulkan nyeri dan biasanya memiliki pinggiran yang tidak teratur.

Pada stadium awal, jika didorong oleh jari tangan, benjolan bisa digerakkan dengan mudah di bawah kulit.
Pada stadium lanjut, benjolan biasanya melekat pada dinding dada atau kulit di sekitarnya. Pada kanker stadium lanjut, bisa terbentuk benjolan yang membengkak atau borok di kulit payudara.
Kadang kulit diatas benjolan mengkerut dan tampak seperti kulit jeruk.

Gejala lainnya yang mungkin ditemukan adalah benjolan atau massa di ketiak, perubahan ukuran atau bentuk payudara, keluar cairan yang abnormal dari puting susu
(biasanya berdarah atau berwarna kuning sampai hijau, mungkin juga bernanah), perubahan pada warna atau tekstur kulit pada payudara, puting susu maupun areola (daerah berwana coklat tua di sekeliling puting susu),
payudara tampak kemerahan, kulit di sekitar puting susu bersisik, puting susu tertarik ke dalam atau terasa gatal, nyeri payudara atau pembengkakan salah satu payudara.
Pada stadium lanjut bisa timbul nyeri tulang, penurunan berat badan, pembengkakan lengan atau ulserasi kulit.

Pencegahan
Banyak faktor risiko yang tidak dapat dikendalikan. Beberapa ahli diet dan ahli kanker percaya bahwa perubahan diet dan gaya hidup secara umum bisa mengurangi angka kejadian kanker.

Diusahakan untuk melakukan diagnosis dini karena kanker payudara lebih mudah diobati dan bisa disembuhan jika masih pada stadium dini.

Sadari, pemeriksan payudara secara klinis dan mammografi sebagai prosedur penyaringan merupakan 3 alat untuk mendeteksi kanker secara dini.

Penatalaksanaan
Biasanya pengobatan dimulai setelah dilakukan penilaian secara menyeluruh terhadap kondisi penderita, yaitu sekitar 1 minggu atau lebih setelah biopsi.
Pengobatannya terdiri dari pembedahan, terapi penyinaran, kemoterapi dan obat penghambat hormon.

Terapi penyinaran digunakan untuk membunuh sel-sel kanker di tempat pengangkatan tumor dan daerah sekitarnya, termasuk kelenjar getah bening.

Kemoterapi (kombinasi obat-obatan untuk membunuh sel-sel yang berkembangbiak dengan cepat atau menekan perkembangbiakannya) dan obat-obat penghambat hormon (obat yang mempengaruhi kerja hormon yang menyokong pertumbuhan sel kanker) digunakan untuk menekan pertumbuhan sel kanker di seluruh tubuh.

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Causes lung cancer

Smoking

The incidence of lung cancer is strongly correlated with cigarette smoking, with about 90% of lung cancers arising as a result of tobacco use. The risk of lung cancer increases with the number of cigarettes smoked and the time over which smoking has occurred; doctors refer to this risk in terms of pack-years of smoking history (the number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day multiplied by the number of years smoked). For example, a person who has smoked two packs of cigarettes per day for 10 years has a 20 pack-year smoking history. While the risk of lung cancer is increased with even a 10-pack-year smoking history, those with 30-pack-year histories or more are considered to have the greatest risk for the development of lung cancer. Among those who smoke two or more packs of cigarettes per day, one in seven will die of lung cancer.

Pipe and cigar smoking also can cause lung cancer, although the risk is not as high as with cigarette smoking. Thus, while someone who smokes one pack of cigarettes per day has a risk for the development of lung cancer that is 25 times higher than a nonsmoker, pipe and cigar smokers have a risk of lung cancer that is about five times that of a nonsmoker.

Tobacco smoke contains over 4,000 chemical compounds, many of which have been shown to be cancer-causing or carcinogenic. The two primary carcinogens in tobacco smoke are chemicals known as nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The risk of developing lung cancer decreases each year following smoking cessation as normal cells grow and replace damaged cells in the lung. In former smokers, the risk of developing lung cancer begins to approach that of a nonsmoker about 15 years after cessation of smoking.

Passive smoking

Passive smoking or the inhalation of tobacco smoke by nonsmokers who share living or working quarters with smokers, also is an established risk factor for the development of lung cancer. Research has shown that nonsmokers who reside with a smoker have a 24% increase in risk for developing lung cancer when compared with nonsmokers who do not reside with a smoker. An estimated 3,000 lung cancer deaths that occur each year in the U.S. are attributable to passive smoking.

Asbestos fibers

Asbestos fibers are silicate fibers that can persist for a lifetime in lung tissue following exposure to asbestos. The workplace is a common source of exposure to asbestos fibers, as asbestos was widely used in the past as both thermal and acoustic insulation. Today, asbestos use is limited or banned in many countries, including the U.S. Both lung cancer and mesothelioma (cancer of the pleura of the lung as well as of the lining of the abdominal cavity called the peritoneum) are associated with exposure to asbestos. Cigarette smoking drastically increases the chance of developing an asbestos-related lung cancer in workers exposed to asbestos. Asbestos workers who do not smoke have a fivefold greater risk of developing lung cancer than nonsmokers, but asbestos workers who smoke have a risk that is 50- to 90-fold greater than nonsmokers.

Radon gas

Radon gas is a natural, chemically inert gas that is a natural decay product of uranium. Uranium decays to form products, including radon, that emit a type of ionizing radiation. Radon gas is a known cause of lung cancer, with an estimated 12% of lung-cancer deaths attributable to radon gas, or about 20,000 lung-cancer-related deaths annually in the U.S., making radon the second leading cause of lung cancer in the U.S. As with asbestos exposure, concomitant smoking greatly increases the risk of lung cancer with radon exposure. Radon gas can travel up through soil and enter homes through gaps in the foundation, pipes, drains, or other openings. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that one out of every 15 homes in the U.S. contains dangerous levels of radon gas. Radon gas is invisible and odorless, but it can be detected with simple test kits.

Familial predisposition

While the majority of lung cancers are associated with tobacco smoking, the fact that not all smokers eventually develop lung cancer suggests that other factors, such as individual genetic susceptibility, may play a role in the causation of lung cancer. Numerous studies have shown that lung cancer is more likely to occur in both smoking and non-smoking relatives of those who have had lung cancer than in the general population. Recently, the largest genetic study of lung cancer ever conducted, involving over 10,000 people from 18 countries and led by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), identified a small region in the genome (DNA) that contains genes that appear to confer an increased susceptibility to lung cancer in smokers. The specific genes, located the q arm of chromosome 15, code for proteins that interact with nicotine and other tobacco toxins (nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes).

Lung diseases

The presence of certain diseases of the lung, notably chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is associated with an increased risk (four- to sixfold the risk of a nonsmoker) for the development of lung cancer even after the effects of concomitant cigarette smoking are excluded.

Prior history of lung cancer

Survivors of lung cancer have a greater risk of developing a second lung cancer than the general population has of developing a first lung cancer. Survivors of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs, see below) have an additive risk of 1%-2% per year for developing a second lung cancer. In survivors of small cell lung cancers (SCLCs, see below), the risk for development of second lung cancers approaches 6% per year.

Air pollution

Air pollution from vehicles, industry, and power plants can raise the likelihood of developing lung cancer in exposed individuals. Up to 1% of lung cancer deaths are attributable to breathing polluted air, and experts believe that prolonged exposure to highly polluted air can carry a risk for the development of lung cancer similar to that of passive smoking.

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What is lung cancer?

Cancer of the lung, like all cancers, results from an abnormality in the body's basic unit of life, the cell. Normally, the body maintains a system of checks and balances on cell growth so that cells divide to produce new cells only when new cells are needed. Disruption of this system of checks and balances on cell growth results in an uncontrolled division and proliferation of cells that eventually forms a mass known as a tumor.

Tumors can be benign or malignant; when we speak of "cancer," we are referring to those tumors that are malignant. Benign tumors usually can be removed and do not spread to other parts of the body. Malignant tumors, on the other hand, grow aggressively and invade other tissues of the body, allowing entry of tumor cells into the bloodstream or lymphatic system and then to other sites in the body. This process of spread is termed metastasis; the areas of tumor growth at these distant sites are called metastases. Since lung cancer tends to spread or metastasize very early after it forms, it is a very life-threatening cancer and one of the most difficult cancers to treat. While lung cancer can spread to any organ in the body, certain organs -- particularly the adrenal glands, liver, brain, and bone -- are the most common sites for lung cancer metastasis.

The lung also is a very common site for metastasis from tumors in other parts of the body. Tumor metastases are made up of the same type of cells as the original (primary) tumor. For example, if prostate cancer spreads via the bloodstream to the lungs, it is metastatic prostate cancer in the lung and is not lung cancer.

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